Imishini Yokomisa Tinhlavu kanye NamaSilo Ensimbi — Lwati Lwetebuchwepheshe Loluningiliziwe

Tinhlelo tesimanje tekomisa tinhlavu kanye namaSilo ensimbi kuyincenye lebaluleke kakhulu embonini yetekulima netinhlavu.

Uma tinhlavu tingakomiswa kahle noma tingagcinwa kahle emvakwekuvunwa, kungabangela:

• Kushisa kwemkhiqizo,

• Kubola,

• Kwehla kwekhwalithi,

• Kuhlaseleke tinambuzane,

• Kwakhiwe i-aflatoxin.

Loko kubaluleke kakhulu ku:

• Mbila,

• Kolo,

• Bhali,

• Sunflower,

• Soybean,

• Rayisi.

1. Kungani kufanele komiswe tinhlavu?

Emvakwekuvunwa, tinhlavu tivamise kuba nemanti lamanyenti.

Tibonelo:

• Mbila → 20–35%

• Kolo → 14–18%

• Sunflower → 10–16%

Kuze kugcinwe kahle sikhatsi lesidze, emanti kufanele ehle aye ku:

• Mbila → 14–15%

• Kolo → 12–13%

• Sunflower → 8–9%

Uma emanti angehliswa:

• Kubola kuyavela,

• Tinhlavu tiyashisa,

• Kwakhiwa i-aflatoxin,

• Umbala nekhwalithi kuyona,

• Lizinga lentengo liyehla.

2. Usebenta njani umshini wekomisa tinhlavu?

Inhloso lenkhulu yemshini wekomisa kukukhipha emanti etinhlavini ngekusebentisa umoya loshisako.

Kufakwa kwemkhiqizo

Tinhlavu tiyiswa etulu kwemshini kusetjentiswa:

• Bucket elevator,

• Screw conveyor,

• Chain conveyor.

Ngaphakathi emshinini, umkhiqizo usakazwa ngokulingana.

3. Luhlelo lwemoya loshisako

Umoya loshisako wakhiwa yi-burner.

Tinhlobo temafutsa:

• LPG,

• Natural gas,

• LNG,

• Diesel.

Emafeni lanemandla acindzetela umoya loshisako udlule etinhlavini.

Tinhloso letinkhulu:

• Komisa ngokulingana,

• Konga emafutsa,

• Kuvikela umkhiqizo ekushiseni kakhulu.

4. Tindzawo temshini wekomisa

Indzawo yekushisa

Umoya loshisako ukhipha emanti.

Indzawo ye-tempering

Emanti asuka ngekhatsi etinhlavini aya ngaphandle.

Indzawo yekupholisa

Umkhiqizo upholiswa ngaphambi kwekungena kuSilo.

Tinhlelo tesimanje tinekuphola lokwakhelwe ngekhatsi.

5. Continuous Flow System

Imishini yesimanje isebentisa continuous-flow technology.

Tinzuzo:

• Kusetjentiswa emafutsa lambalwa,

• Umsebenti lomkhulu,

• Kusebenta kungemi,

• Komisa ngokulingana,

• Kulimala lokuncane,

• Kunciphisa kuphuka nekusha.

Loko kubaluleke kakhulu kumbila lone 30–35% wemanti.

6. Yini lefanele ibe khona emshinini losezingeni?

Kusetjentiswa emafutsa lambalwa

Lena yintfo lebaluleke kakhulu.

Umshini losezingeni kufanele:

• Wonge igesi,

• Usebentise kubuyiselwa kwekushisa,

• Wehlise tindleko tekusebenta.

Luhlelo lolunemandla lwemoya

Emafeni etimboni kufanele anike:

• Umoya lomkhulu,

• Pressure lezinzile,

• Kusakazwa kwekushisa lokulinganako.

Komisa lokulinganako

Umkhiqizo kufanele womiswe ngokufana.

Nakungenjalo:

• Lenye incenye isala inemanti,

• Lenye iyasha.

Modular Design

Imishini yesimanje kufanele ibe modular.

Tinzuzo:

• Kulula kwengeta umsebenti,

• Kulula kuthwala,

• Kufakwa ngekushesha,

• Kulula kuyinakekela.

Automatic Control System

Tinhlelo tebuchwepheshe tifaka:

• PT100 sensors,

• Temperature sensors,

• Siemens PLC,

• Inverter fans,

• Automatic burner control.

Loko kunika:

• Kuphepha,

• Konga emafutsa,

• Ikhwalithi lezinzile.

7. Yini iSilo yensimbi?

ISilo yensimbi yisakhiwo lesikhetsekile sekugcina tinhlavu sikhatsi lesidze.

Isetjentiselwa kugcina:

• Kolo,

• Mbila,

• Bhali,

• Soybean,

• Sunflower,

• Rayisi.

8. Yini lefanele ibe khona kuSilo losezingeni?

Insimbi ye-galvanized lesezingeni

Insimbi kufanele ibe:

• Melana nekugqwala,

• Ishubile,

• Inemandla.

Emasilo lasezingeni leliphansi agqwale masinyane.

Sakhiwo lesicinile

ISilo kufanele simelane ne:

• Sisindvo setinhlavu,

• Umoya,

• Lichwa.

Aeration System

Tinhlavu kufanele “tiphefumule”.

Emasilo ebuchwepheshe anet:

• Tindlela temoya,

• Aeration fans,

• Bottom air systems.

Loko kuvimbela:

• Kushisa,

• Kubola,

• Kubutsana kwemanti.

Temperature Monitoring System

Emasilo lamakhulu asebentisa:

• Temperature cables,

• Monitoring sensors.

Loko kuthola tinkinga kusenesikhatsi.

Discharge System

Emasilo ebuchwepheshe anet:

• Cleaning augers,

• Sweep systems,

• Full discharge systems.

9. Tinhlobo temaSilo

Flat Bottom Silo

Tinhlanhla:

• Umsebenti lomkhulu,

• Tindleko letiphansi,

• Kulungele kugcina sikhatsi lesidze.

Hopper Bottom Silo

Tinhlanhla:

• Kukhipha ngekushesha,

• Kulula kusebentisa malanga onkhe,

• Kulungele emafektri ekudla kwetilwane.

10. Tingoti letinkhulu ekugcineni tinhlavu

• Emanti lamanyenti,

• Kushisa,

• Kubola,

• Aflatoxin,

• Tinambuzane,

• Umoya lomubi,

• Komisa lokungalingani.

Tinhlelo tebuchwepheshe tiyanciphisa letingoti.

11. Kumele ibukeke njani i-grain plant yesimanje?

I-plant yesimanje ifaka:

• Imishini yekomisa,

• Emasilo ensimbi,

• Elevators,

• Chain conveyors,

• Screw conveyors,

• Cleaning systems,

• Automation,

• Aeration systems.

Yonke imishini kufanele isebente ndzawonye njengeluhlelo lunye.

12. Kungani kubalulekile konga emafutsa?

Emafutsa ayincenye lenkhulu yetindleko tekusebenta.

Tinhlelo letisebenta kahle:

• Tehlisa kusetjentiswa kwegesi,

• Tehlisa tindleko,

• Tenyusa inzuzo.

Continuous-flow systems tingonga 20–35% wemafutsa.

13. Siphetfo

Umshini losezingeni kanye neSilo lebuchwepheshe kunika:

• Kuvikelwa kwekhwalithi,

• Tindleko letiphansi,

• Kugcinwa lokuphephile,

• Kunciphisa ingoti ye-aflatoxin,

• Umsebenti lomkhulu,

• Kuphila kwesikhatsi lesidze.

Kokomisa nekugcina kahle kuyisisekelo sebhizinisi leliphumelelayo lekulima.

☎️ +90 535 065 81 35

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