Yiziphi izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga i-silo yensimbi, umshini wokomisa okusanhlamvu kanye nohlelo oluphelele lokugcina okusanhlamvu?

Uhlelo lwesimanje lokugcina okusanhlamvu alusona nje ama-silo ambalwa nomshini owodwa wokomisa. Uhlelo oluhle kufanele lulawule yonke inqubo — kusukela ekwamukelweni kokusanhlamvu okumanzi, ukuhlanzwa, ukomiswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, ukuphefumula komoya, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kuze kufike ku-loading silo yokugcina.

Umshini wokomisa okusanhlamvu ongakhethwanga kahle, ukuphefumula komoya okubuthakathaka noma uhlelo lokuthutha olungakhiwanga kahle kungadala:

• Ukonakala kokusanhlamvu,

• Isikhunta nezifo zesikhunta,

• Ukwakheka kwe-aflatoxin,

• Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kukaphethiloli,

• Ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezimali.

Ngakho yonke indawo kufanele ibhekwe njengohlelo olulodwa oluhlanganisiwe.

1. INQUBO YOHLELO OLUPHELELE LOKUSINGATHA OKUSANHLAMVU

Inqubo ejwayelekile esikhungweni sesimanje sokusanhlamvu:

Ukwamukelwa kokusanhlamvu okumanzi → Ukuhlanzwa kokuqala → I-silo yokusanhlamvu okumanzi → Umshini wokomisa → Ukupholisa → Ukuhanjiswa kokusanhlamvu okomile → Ama-silo okugcina → Ukuphefumula komoya nokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa → Loading silo → Ukulayishwa emalolini

2. UKWAMUKELWA KOKUSANHLAMVU OKUMANZI

Ngemuva kokuvuna, okusanhlamvu kuvame ukuba nomswakama omningi.

Izibonelo:

• Ummbila: 20–35%

• Ukolweni: 14–18%

• Ujongilanga: 10–16%

• I-soya: 14–20%

Okusanhlamvu kufika ngamathilomu noma ngama-trailer kagandaganda. Kuqala kuyalinganiswa bese kubhaliswa, ngemva kwalokho kuthululwa ku-receiving pit.

Izinto okufanele zihlolwe:

• Izinga lomswakama,

• Ukungcola nezinto zangaphandle,

• Okusanhlamvu okuqhekekile,

• Uthuli, utshani namatshe,

• Ukufaneleka kokomiswa.

3. RECEIVING PIT

Lena indawo yokuqala lapho kuthululwa khona okusanhlamvu.

I-receiving pit enhle kufanele ibe:

• Nomthamo omkhulu,

• Namagridi ensimbi aqinile,

• Chain conveyor noma screw conveyor,

• Ukuvikelwa emvuleni,

• Ukuhlanzwa okulula,

• Ukungena okulula kwamaloli amakhulu.

4. UHLELO LOKUHLANZA KOKUQALA

Okusanhlamvu okumanzi akufanele kuthunyelwe ngqo emshinini wokomisa.

Kungaba nezinto ezifana:

• Uthuli,

• Utshani,

• Amakhoba,

• Amatshe,

• Okusanhlamvu okuqhekekile.

Ukuhlanzwa kokuqala:

• Kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokomisa,

• Kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli,

• Kunciphisa ingozi yomlilo,

• Kuqinisekisa ukomiswa okufanayo.

5. I-SILO YOKUSANHLAMVU OKUMANZI

Ezinhlelweni ze-continuous-flow, i-silo yokusanhlamvu okumanzi ibaluleke kakhulu.

Isetshenziselwa ukugcina okwesikhashana ngaphambi kokomisa.

Amaphuzu abalulekile:

• Okusanhlamvu akufanele kuhlale isikhathi eside,

• Kumele kube nokuphefumula komoya,

• Akufanele kuvaleke,

• Umthamo kufanele uhambisane nomshini wokomisa,

• Ukushisa ngokweqile kufanele kugwenywe.

6. AMA-ELEVATOR KANYE NEZINHLELO ZOKUTHUTHA

Okusanhlamvu kuthuthwa kusetshenziswa:

• Bucket elevators,

• Chain conveyors,

• Screw conveyors,

• Belt conveyors,

• Distribution systems,

• Ama-conveyor angaphezulu,

• Ama-discharge systems angezansi.

Zonke izinhlelo kufanele zihambisane ngomthamo.

7. UMSHINI WOKOMISA OKUSANHLAMVU

Umshini wokomisa uyinhliziyo yohlelo lonke.

Umsebenzi wawo ukukhipha umswakama ngomoya oshisayo.

Umshini wokomisa osezingeni kufanele ube:

• Continuous-flow system,

• Ukusetshenziswa okuphansi kukaphethiloli,

• Ukomisa okufanayo,

• Ukuhanjiswa komoya okuhle,

• Cooling section eyakhelwe ngaphakathi,

• Automatic temperature control,

• PT100 sensors,

• PLC automation,

• Amafeni anamandla,

• Safe burner systems,

• Ukulungisa okulula,

• Modular design.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukwazi ukomisa ummbila one-30–35% womswakama ngaphandle kokuwushisa.

8. OKUSANHLAMVU KUHAMBA KANJANI NGAPHAKATHI KOMSHINI WOKOMISA?

I-elevator iphakamisa okusanhlamvu phezulu, bese kwehla kancane kancane.

Distribution section

Okusanhlamvu kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo.

Heating section

Umoya oshisayo ukhipha umswakama.

Stabilization section

Umswakama uphuma ngaphakathi uye ngaphandle.

Cooling section

Okusanhlamvu kupholiswa ngaphambi kokugcinwa.

Discharge system

Okusanhlamvu okomile kukhishwa ngendlela elawulwayo.

9. UHLELO LUKAPETHILOLI

Imishini yokomisa ingasebenza nge:

• LPG,

• Natural gas,

• LNG,

• Diesel.

Lapho ukhetha uhlelo, akufanele ubheke intengo yomshini kuphela kodwa nezindleko zokusebenza.

Uhlelo olusebenza kahle:

• Lunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwegesi,

• Lunciphisa izindleko,

• Lwandisa inzuzo.

10. UKUZENZAKALELA NOKULAWULA

Isikhungo sesimanje kufanele sizenzakalelayo.

Uhlelo lulawula:

• Product flow,

• Amafeni,

• Burners,

• Temperature,

• Moisture,

• Conveyors,

• Alarm systems,

• Safety systems.

11. UKUTHUTHWA KOKUSANHLAMVU OKOMILE SIYIYA KUMA-SILO

Ngemuva kokomisa, okusanhlamvu kuthuthwa kusetshenziswa:

• Elevators,

• Chain conveyors,

• Distribution systems.

12. AMA-SILO ENSIMBI

Ama-silo ensimbi ahlinzeka ngokugcinwa okuphephile kwesikhathi eside.

I-silo enhle kufanele ibe:

• Ne-galvanized steel esezingeni eliphezulu,

• Nesakhiwo esiqinile,

• Nokumelana nomoya neqhwa,

• Uhlelo lokuphefumula komoya,

• Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa,

• Uhlelo olusebenzayo lokukhipha okusanhlamvu.

13. UHLELO LOKUPHEFUMULA KOMOYA

Ukuphefumula komoya kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kusiza:

• Ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile,

• Ukulinganisa umswakama,

• Ukunciphisa isikhunta,

• Ukunciphisa izinambuzane,

• Ukunciphisa ingozi ye-aflatoxin.

14. UKULAWULWA KWEZINGA LOKUSHISA

Ama-silo amakhulu kufanele abe nezinhlelo zokuqapha izinga lokushisa.

Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kungabonisa:

• Umswakama omningi,

• Izinambuzane,

• Ukuqala kwesikhunta,

• Ukuphefumula komoya okunganele.

15. UHLELO LOKUKHIPHA OKUSANHLAMVU KU-SILO

Izinhlelo ezisetshenziswayo:

• Central outlet,

• Bottom screws,

• Chain conveyors,

• Elevators,

• Loading silo.

16. LOADING SILO

I-loading silo yenza ukulayishwa kwamaloli kusheshe.

Izinzuzo:

• Yehlisa isikhathi sokulinda,

• Isheshisa ukulayisha,

• Ithuthukisa i-logistics.

17. IMIBUZO EBALULEKILE NGAPHAMBI KOKUTHENGA

Umthengi kufanele abuze:

• Mangaki amathani azofika ngosuku?

• Hlobo luni lokusanhlamvu oluzocutshungulwa?

• Lingakanani izinga lomswakama ekuqaleni?

• Lingakanani okufanele libe ekugcineni?

• Udingeka umshini wokomisa onjani?

• Ingabe kudingeka i-wet grain silo?

• Kudinga umthamo ongakanani wokugcina?

• Ingabe ukuphefumula komoya kwanele?

• Ingabe ikhona temperature monitoring?

• Ingabe akhona ama-spare parts?

• Ingabe ikhona technical support?

18. IMISHINI EYINHLOKO OHLELWENI LOKUSANHLAMVU

• Receiving pit

• Bucket elevators

• Chain conveyors

• Screw conveyors

• Umshini wokuhlanza kokuqala

• Wet grain silo

• Grain dryer

• Burner

• Amafeni

• Automation control panel

• Dry grain conveying systems

• Steel storage silos

• Ventilation systems

• Temperature sensors

• Discharge systems

• Loading silo

• Electrical and automation systems

• Amapulatifomu nezitebhisi

19. ISIPHETHO

Uhlelo oluhle lokugcina okusanhlamvu aluxhomeki kuphela emishinini emikhulu. Luncike ekusebenzeni kahle kwazo zonke izingxenye zohlelo.

Kusukela ngesikhathi okusanhlamvu okumanzi kungena esikhungweni kuze kube yilapho okusanhlamvu okomile okuphephile kuphuma, zonke izigaba kufanele zakhiwe ngobunjiniyela obufanele.

Uhlelo oluhle:

• Lugcina ikhwalithi yokusanhlamvu,

• Longa uphethiloli,

• Lwehlisa izindleko,

• Lunikeza ukugcinwa okuphephile,

• Lwehlisa ingozi ye-aflatoxin,

• Lwandisa inzuzo.

TECO PAZARLAMA
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